Brick-kiln.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH CICOTTE, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ANTOINEDUMESNIL, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 694,316, datedFebruary 25, 1902.

Application iled October 18, 1901. Serial No. 79,128. (No model.)

T0 all whom, it' may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH Croorrn, a citizen of the United States,residing at Louis-l ville, in the county of Jefferson, State ofKentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inBrick-Kilns; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and eX-aet description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Illy invention relates to brick-kilns, and has for its objects toconstruct the kiln so as to secure a uniform and expeditiousdistribution of heat throughout the kiln and to insure the integrity anddurability of the permanent portion of the kiln by preventing itsdisplacement from expansion under heat.

In carrying my invention into effect I have been able to burn akiln ofbrick in less time than was required under former systems,have savedpractically all of the brick placed in the kiln to be burned, (a thingthat was impossible under the old method,) and have left the base,retaining-Walls, and furnaces, constituting the permanent structure, inperfect condition.

Theinvention consists in the parts and combinations thereof hereinafterset forth and claimed.

In order to make the invention more clearly understood, I have shown inthe accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practicaleect, without limiting my improvements in their useful applications tothe particular construction which, for the sake .of illustration, I havedelineated.

In said drawings, Figure l is a vertical sectional view of the permanentportion of a brick-kiln embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection of a portion'of the same on line II, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is avertical section on line III, Fig. l.

Referring to the drawings, B is the base of the kiln, made of tire-brickor any other suitable material, and upon which the brick to be burnedare stacked in the usual or any preferred manner between retaining sidewalls A.

F indicates the furnaces, of which a suitable number are arranged alongeach of the side walls A in the usual manner for supplying heat to thekiln and burning the bricks.

The base B, side walls A, and furnaces F all belong to the permanentstructure of the kiln and rest upon and are connected by a solid subbaseX, which is the ground or any suitable substructure.

D is the door of the furnace, through which fuel is introduced.

P is the ash-pit.

The upper part of the furnace is provided with openings at f, throughwhich the air necessary for combustion can pass.

The products of combustion and heat from the furnaces F pass inward intoand more or less evenly throughout the mass of bricks stacked on thebase B. One important feature of my invention relates to the controlWard the middle of the kiln for a distance equal to about half thelength of the iiue a.

c is a third and short flue extending from the furnace at o2 inwardthrough the Wall A to the outer portion of the stacked bricks.

The iiues a and c are a portion of the permanent structure of the kiln,and the fiue b is ordinarily constructed of the bricks to be burned inthe process of stacking them. The iiue b may, however, be a permanentstructure, if desired.

At their outer ends the flues a b c are or may be controlled by doors i,of iron or tirebrick or any other suitable material, so that the heatmay be directed as required for different portions of the kiln by moreor less opening or closing said doors. Such doors may be formed bybricks piled in the openings 0 o o2.

The great heat com municated to the base B in the process of burning akiln of brick causes great expansion of the base and under ordinaryconstruction of the kiln a destruc- IOO tive displacement of the Wallsand furnaces. This I obviate by another important feature of myinvention, which consists in isolating the base B from the walls andfurnaces by forming around the base a space d. I find a Space of aboutfour inches to be sufficient for the purpose of maintaining theintegrity of the permanent structure under all conditions of expansionof the base.

The yfiues a, are shown as constructed within the body of the base B andbelow the Hoorline a; of said base.

The walls of the fiues a, b, and c need not necessarily be continuedacross the space d, as the natural draftof the kiln will carry all orsufficient of the products ofl combustion from the furnaces across saidspace. If the flue-Walls are built across the space CZ, it will be withloose bricks, the expansion of which will be taken up by the cracksbetween the bricks, so as not to be destructive.

1. In a brick-kiln the combination with the baseB and the furnaces, of aseries of separate fines from each furnace extending inward above saidbase different distances toward the middle of the kiln, substantially asset forth.

2. In a brick-kiln, the combination with the baseB and the furnaces, ofa series of separate iiues above said base extending from each furnaceinward for different distances, and

means for controlling the passage of heat through said lines,substantially as set forth.

3. In a brick-kiln, the combination with the furnaces, of a base Bhaving fiues a leading from ,each furnace and constructed Within saidbase, and shorter flues leading inward from the furnaces above saidbase, substantially as set forth.

4. In a brick-kiln, the combination with the furnaces, of a baseisolated from said furnaces at its sides, all resting on a solidconnecting subbase, substantially asset forth.

5. In a brickkiln,the combination ,with the furnaces, and side walls, ofthe intermediate base B having between it and said walls the space 0l,said space separating the furnaces from said intermediate base,substantially as set forth.

6. In a brick-kiln, the combination with the furnaces, of theintermediate base B having the surrounding space cl all resting on asolid connectingsubbase and flues extending from said furnaces acrosssaid space, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH CICOTTE.

Witnesses:

HENRY THOMAS, E. J. BACON.

